Exame da 4.ª classe. Lembra-se como era?

O exame da quarta classe marcou durante anos o fim de uma fase para muitos portugueses. Como o ensino obrigatório ficava por aí, para muitos alunos este exame representava o fim da escolaridade e o início de uma vida de adulto que começava cedo, aos 12 anos.

Entre 1948 e até 1974, o Ensino Primário Elementar era constituído por quatro classes e apenas terminava com a aprovação no exame da quarta classe. Este exame foi instituído como obrigatório em 1948 e apenas deixou de estar em vigor após 1974.

Entre os anos 40 e 50, apenas era obrigatória a frequência escolar até às três primeiras classes, terminando com um exame. Em 1956, os rapazes passaram a ser obrigados a frequentar os quatro anos de ensino e instituiu-se outro exame, o de quarto ano. Em 1960 todos os alunos ficaram obrigados a frequentar os quatro anos de ensino primário, independentemente do sexo, passando apenas a existir um exame final para a conclusão do ensino elementar.

No final do quarto ano e, após o exame realizado, seria suposto que os alunos estivessem habilitados a ler, escrever e contar. Só depois do ensino elementar se seguia o ensino complementar - quinto e sexto anos -, mais restrito e seletivo.

O exame de quarta classe era chamado exame de segundo grau, e nele podiam ser abordados os mais variados temas, sempre em conformidade com o programa e ajustados à realidade da época.

Os exames do primeiro e segundo graus estavam marcados para as nove horas e eram realizados unicamente nas sedes de concelho. Por norma, iniciavam-se na segunda quinzena do mês de julho e deviam estar concluídos no último dia útil desse mês. O exame do segundo grau só tinha início quando estivesse terminado o exame do primeiro grau.

Não eram exames nacionais, como os que se propõem agora, mas sim distritais e elaborados pelos diretores do distrito escolar. As notas eram avaliadas por um júri que as classificava entre mau, suficiente e bom.

Aqui ficam algumas questões da Prova de Aritmética realizada no distrito de Lisboa a 1 de julho de 1967

1. Um automobilista, para percorrer determinada distância, gastou 3h25m e outro gastou menos 55 minutos. Que tempo gastou o segundo automobilista?

2. Um tanque de forma cúbica com 2,5m de aresta, tem água até 80 cm. Quantos litros de água tem o tanque?

3. Com 3/5 do dinheiro que tinha comprei fazenda para um fato por 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. Que dinheiro tinha eu?

4. Quantas moedas de 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são necessárias para termos 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?

5. Como classificar um triângulo que mede 75º?

6. Qual será o dividendo de uma divisão exata cujo divisor são 5 e o quociente 15?